The Language Around Integrative Therapies

As conversations around integrative mental health continue to grow, so does the language used to describe different therapeutic approaches. Terms like “psychedelic therapy,” “plant medicine,” and “ketamine treatment” are often used interchangeably, but they refer to distinct categories of substances and experiences.

Some, like ketamine, are already being used in limited clinical settings, while others—such as MDMA and psilocybin—remain in research or emerging access frameworks. Understanding these differences helps create clearer, more informed conversations and supports individuals in navigating this evolving landscape with greater awareness and care.

Taking the time to understand some distinctions can help support informed decisions for anyone exploring new pathways to healing.

1. Classic Psychedelics

These are the ones most people mean when they say “psychedelic therapy”:

• Psilocybin (magic mushrooms)

• LSD

• DMT / 5-MeO-DMT

• Ayahuasca (contains DMT)

  
  

Common traits:

• strong visual/experiential effects

• often described as “insight-oriented” or “meaning-making”

• being studied for depression, PTSD, addiction

2. Entactogens / Empathogens

(Slightly different mechanism, very important for PTSD)

• MDMA

  
  

Common traits:

• increases feelings of safety, trust, emotional openness

• less visual, more relational/emotional

• one of the most promising for PTSD (especially veterans)

  
  

3. Dissociatives

• Ketamine

Common traits:

• creates a sense of detachment from thoughts/identity

• fast-acting (especially for depression and suicidal ideation)

• already legally used in clinical settings (including some VA facilities)